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Add the cppformat library to the project.

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This commit is contained in:
Sandu Liviu Catalin 2016-04-20 09:21:56 +03:00
parent 1017fc5c1a
commit c8161fe9d0
8 changed files with 6191 additions and 0 deletions
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1
cbp/Module.cbp
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@ -400,6 +400,7 @@
<Add library="squirrel" /> <Add library="squirrel" />
</Linker> </Linker>
<Unit filename="../external/Common/aes256.cpp" /> <Unit filename="../external/Common/aes256.cpp" />
<Unit filename="../external/CppFormat/format.cc" />
<Unit filename="../external/Hash/crc32.cpp" /> <Unit filename="../external/Hash/crc32.cpp" />
<Unit filename="../external/Hash/crc32.h" /> <Unit filename="../external/Hash/crc32.h" />
<Unit filename="../external/Hash/digest.cpp" /> <Unit filename="../external/Hash/digest.cpp" />

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external/Common/posix.cc vendored Normal file
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/*
A C++ interface to POSIX functions.
Copyright (c) 2014 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// Disable bogus MSVC warnings.
#ifndef _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#endif
#include "posix.h"
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#ifndef _WIN32
# include <unistd.h>
#else
# include <windows.h>
# include <io.h>
# define O_CREAT _O_CREAT
# define O_TRUNC _O_TRUNC
# ifndef S_IRUSR
# define S_IRUSR _S_IREAD
# endif
# ifndef S_IWUSR
# define S_IWUSR _S_IWRITE
# endif
# ifdef __MINGW32__
# define _SH_DENYNO 0x40
# endif
#endif // _WIN32
#ifdef fileno
# undef fileno
#endif
namespace {
#ifdef _WIN32
// Return type of read and write functions.
typedef int RWResult;
// On Windows the count argument to read and write is unsigned, so convert
// it from size_t preventing integer overflow.
inline unsigned convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) {
return count <= UINT_MAX ? static_cast<unsigned>(count) : UINT_MAX;
}
#else
// Return type of read and write functions.
typedef ssize_t RWResult;
inline std::size_t convert_rwcount(std::size_t count) { return count; }
#endif
}
fmt::BufferedFile::~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
if (file_ && FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_)) != 0)
fmt::report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
}
fmt::BufferedFile::BufferedFile(
fmt::CStringRef filename, fmt::CStringRef mode) {
FMT_RETRY_VAL(file_, FMT_SYSTEM(fopen(filename.c_str(), mode.c_str())), 0);
if (!file_)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot open file {}", filename);
}
void fmt::BufferedFile::close() {
if (!file_)
return;
int result = FMT_SYSTEM(fclose(file_));
file_ = 0;
if (result != 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot close file");
}
// A macro used to prevent expansion of fileno on broken versions of MinGW.
#define FMT_ARGS
int fmt::BufferedFile::fileno() const {
int fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fileno FMT_ARGS(file_));
if (fd == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get file descriptor");
return fd;
}
fmt::File::File(fmt::CStringRef path, int oflag) {
int mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
fd_ = -1;
FMT_POSIX_CALL(sopen_s(&fd_, path.c_str(), oflag, _SH_DENYNO, mode));
#else
FMT_RETRY(fd_, FMT_POSIX_CALL(open(path.c_str(), oflag, mode)));
#endif
if (fd_ == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot open file {}", path);
}
fmt::File::~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
// Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
// See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
if (fd_ != -1 && FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_)) != 0)
fmt::report_system_error(errno, "cannot close file");
}
void fmt::File::close() {
if (fd_ == -1)
return;
// Don't retry close in case of EINTR!
// See http://linux.derkeiler.com/Mailing-Lists/Kernel/2005-09/3000.html
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(close(fd_));
fd_ = -1;
if (result != 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot close file");
}
fmt::LongLong fmt::File::size() const {
#ifdef _WIN32
// Use GetFileSize instead of GetFileSizeEx for the case when _WIN32_WINNT
// is less than 0x0500 as is the case with some default MinGW builds.
// Both functions support large file sizes.
DWORD size_upper = 0;
HANDLE handle = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>(_get_osfhandle(fd_));
DWORD size_lower = FMT_SYSTEM(GetFileSize(handle, &size_upper));
if (size_lower == INVALID_FILE_SIZE) {
DWORD error = GetLastError();
if (error != NO_ERROR)
throw WindowsError(GetLastError(), "cannot get file size");
}
fmt::ULongLong long_size = size_upper;
return (long_size << sizeof(DWORD) * CHAR_BIT) | size_lower;
#else
typedef struct stat Stat;
Stat file_stat = Stat();
if (FMT_POSIX_CALL(fstat(fd_, &file_stat)) == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get file attributes");
FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(fmt::LongLong) >= sizeof(file_stat.st_size),
"return type of File::size is not large enough");
return file_stat.st_size;
#endif
}
std::size_t fmt::File::read(void *buffer, std::size_t count) {
RWResult result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(read(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
if (result < 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot read from file");
return internal::to_unsigned(result);
}
std::size_t fmt::File::write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count) {
RWResult result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(write(fd_, buffer, convert_rwcount(count))));
if (result < 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot write to file");
return internal::to_unsigned(result);
}
fmt::File fmt::File::dup(int fd) {
// Don't retry as dup doesn't return EINTR.
// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/dup.html
int new_fd = FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup(fd));
if (new_fd == -1)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot duplicate file descriptor {}", fd);
return File(new_fd);
}
void fmt::File::dup2(int fd) {
int result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
if (result == -1) {
throw SystemError(errno,
"cannot duplicate file descriptor {} to {}", fd_, fd);
}
}
void fmt::File::dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
int result = 0;
FMT_RETRY(result, FMT_POSIX_CALL(dup2(fd_, fd)));
if (result == -1)
ec = ErrorCode(errno);
}
void fmt::File::pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end) {
// Close the descriptors first to make sure that assignments don't throw
// and there are no leaks.
read_end.close();
write_end.close();
int fds[2] = {};
#ifdef _WIN32
// Make the default pipe capacity same as on Linux 2.6.11+.
enum { DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 65536 };
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds, DEFAULT_CAPACITY, _O_BINARY));
#else
// Don't retry as the pipe function doesn't return EINTR.
// http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009696799/functions/pipe.html
int result = FMT_POSIX_CALL(pipe(fds));
#endif
if (result != 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot create pipe");
// The following assignments don't throw because read_fd and write_fd
// are closed.
read_end = File(fds[0]);
write_end = File(fds[1]);
}
fmt::BufferedFile fmt::File::fdopen(const char *mode) {
// Don't retry as fdopen doesn't return EINTR.
FILE *f = FMT_POSIX_CALL(fdopen(fd_, mode));
if (!f)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot associate stream with file descriptor");
BufferedFile file(f);
fd_ = -1;
return file;
}
long fmt::getpagesize() {
#ifdef _WIN32
SYSTEM_INFO si;
GetSystemInfo(&si);
return si.dwPageSize;
#else
long size = FMT_POSIX_CALL(sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE));
if (size < 0)
throw SystemError(errno, "cannot get memory page size");
return size;
#endif
}

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external/Common/posix.h vendored Normal file
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/*
A C++ interface to POSIX functions.
Copyright (c) 2014 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef FMT_POSIX_H_
#define FMT_POSIX_H_
#ifdef __MINGW32__
// Workaround MinGW bug https://sourceforge.net/p/mingw/bugs/2024/.
# undef __STRICT_ANSI__
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h> // for O_RDONLY
#include <locale.h> // for locale_t
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // for strtod_l
#include <cstddef>
#ifdef __APPLE__
# include <xlocale.h> // for LC_NUMERIC_MASK on OS X
#endif
#include "format.h"
#ifndef FMT_POSIX
# if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
# define FMT_POSIX(call) _##call
# else
# define FMT_POSIX(call) call
# endif
#endif
// Calls to system functions are wrapped in FMT_SYSTEM for testability.
#ifdef FMT_SYSTEM
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) FMT_SYSTEM(call)
#else
# define FMT_SYSTEM(call) call
# ifdef _WIN32
// Fix warnings about deprecated symbols.
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::_##call
# else
# define FMT_POSIX_CALL(call) ::call
# endif
#endif
#if FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 407
# define FMT_UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
#else
# define FMT_UNUSED
#endif
#ifndef FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT
# define FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT 0
#endif
#if FMT_USE_STATIC_ASSERT || FMT_HAS_FEATURE(cxx_static_assert) || \
(FMT_GCC_VERSION >= 403 && FMT_HAS_GXX_CXX11) || _MSC_VER >= 1600
# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) static_assert(cond, message)
#else
# define FMT_CONCAT_(a, b) FMT_CONCAT(a, b)
# define FMT_STATIC_ASSERT(cond, message) \
typedef int FMT_CONCAT_(Assert, __LINE__)[(cond) ? 1 : -1] FMT_UNUSED
#endif
// Retries the expression while it evaluates to error_result and errno
// equals to EINTR.
#ifndef _WIN32
# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) \
do { \
result = (expression); \
} while (result == error_result && errno == EINTR)
#else
# define FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, error_result) result = (expression)
#endif
#define FMT_RETRY(result, expression) FMT_RETRY_VAL(result, expression, -1)
namespace fmt {
// An error code.
class ErrorCode {
private:
int value_;
public:
explicit ErrorCode(int value = 0) FMT_NOEXCEPT : value_(value) {}
int get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return value_; }
};
// A buffered file.
class BufferedFile {
private:
FILE *file_;
friend class File;
explicit BufferedFile(FILE *f) : file_(f) {}
public:
// Constructs a BufferedFile object which doesn't represent any file.
BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(0) {}
// Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
~BufferedFile() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
// Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
// references are not supported.
private:
// A proxy object to emulate a move constructor.
// It is private to make it impossible call operator Proxy directly.
struct Proxy {
FILE *file;
};
public:
// A "move constructor" for moving from a temporary.
BufferedFile(Proxy p) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(p.file) {}
// A "move constructor" for for moving from an lvalue.
BufferedFile(BufferedFile &f) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(f.file_) {
f.file_ = 0;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
BufferedFile &operator=(Proxy p) {
close();
file_ = p.file;
return *this;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from an lvalue.
BufferedFile &operator=(BufferedFile &other) {
close();
file_ = other.file_;
other.file_ = 0;
return *this;
}
// Returns a proxy object for moving from a temporary:
// BufferedFile file = BufferedFile(...);
operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
Proxy p = {file_};
file_ = 0;
return p;
}
#else
private:
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(BufferedFile);
public:
BufferedFile(BufferedFile &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : file_(other.file_) {
other.file_ = 0;
}
BufferedFile& operator=(BufferedFile &&other) {
close();
file_ = other.file_;
other.file_ = 0;
return *this;
}
#endif
// Opens a file.
BufferedFile(CStringRef filename, CStringRef mode);
// Closes the file.
void close();
// Returns the pointer to a FILE object representing this file.
FILE *get() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return file_; }
// We place parentheses around fileno to workaround a bug in some versions
// of MinGW that define fileno as a macro.
int (fileno)() const;
void print(CStringRef format_str, const ArgList &args) {
fmt::print(file_, format_str, args);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(void, print, CStringRef)
};
// A file. Closed file is represented by a File object with descriptor -1.
// Methods that are not declared with FMT_NOEXCEPT may throw
// fmt::SystemError in case of failure. Note that some errors such as
// closing the file multiple times will cause a crash on Windows rather
// than an exception. You can get standard behavior by overriding the
// invalid parameter handler with _set_invalid_parameter_handler.
class File {
private:
int fd_; // File descriptor.
// Constructs a File object with a given descriptor.
explicit File(int fd) : fd_(fd) {}
public:
// Possible values for the oflag argument to the constructor.
enum {
RDONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_RDONLY), // Open for reading only.
WRONLY = FMT_POSIX(O_WRONLY), // Open for writing only.
RDWR = FMT_POSIX(O_RDWR) // Open for reading and writing.
};
// Constructs a File object which doesn't represent any file.
File() FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(-1) {}
// Opens a file and constructs a File object representing this file.
File(CStringRef path, int oflag);
#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
// Emulate a move constructor and a move assignment operator if rvalue
// references are not supported.
private:
// A proxy object to emulate a move constructor.
// It is private to make it impossible call operator Proxy directly.
struct Proxy {
int fd;
};
public:
// A "move constructor" for moving from a temporary.
File(Proxy p) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(p.fd) {}
// A "move constructor" for for moving from an lvalue.
File(File &other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(other.fd_) {
other.fd_ = -1;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from a temporary.
File &operator=(Proxy p) {
close();
fd_ = p.fd;
return *this;
}
// A "move assignment operator" for moving from an lvalue.
File &operator=(File &other) {
close();
fd_ = other.fd_;
other.fd_ = -1;
return *this;
}
// Returns a proxy object for moving from a temporary:
// File file = File(...);
operator Proxy() FMT_NOEXCEPT {
Proxy p = {fd_};
fd_ = -1;
return p;
}
#else
private:
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(File);
public:
File(File &&other) FMT_NOEXCEPT : fd_(other.fd_) {
other.fd_ = -1;
}
File& operator=(File &&other) {
close();
fd_ = other.fd_;
other.fd_ = -1;
return *this;
}
#endif
// Destroys the object closing the file it represents if any.
~File() FMT_NOEXCEPT;
// Returns the file descriptor.
int descriptor() const FMT_NOEXCEPT { return fd_; }
// Closes the file.
void close();
// Returns the file size. The size has signed type for consistency with
// stat::st_size.
LongLong size() const;
// Attempts to read count bytes from the file into the specified buffer.
std::size_t read(void *buffer, std::size_t count);
// Attempts to write count bytes from the specified buffer to the file.
std::size_t write(const void *buffer, std::size_t count);
// Duplicates a file descriptor with the dup function and returns
// the duplicate as a file object.
static File dup(int fd);
// Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
// necessary.
void dup2(int fd);
// Makes fd be the copy of this file descriptor, closing fd first if
// necessary.
void dup2(int fd, ErrorCode &ec) FMT_NOEXCEPT;
// Creates a pipe setting up read_end and write_end file objects for reading
// and writing respectively.
static void pipe(File &read_end, File &write_end);
// Creates a BufferedFile object associated with this file and detaches
// this File object from the file.
BufferedFile fdopen(const char *mode);
};
// Returns the memory page size.
long getpagesize();
#if defined(LC_NUMERIC_MASK) || defined(_MSC_VER)
# define FMT_LOCALE
#endif
#ifdef FMT_LOCALE
// A "C" numeric locale.
class Locale {
private:
# ifdef _MSC_VER
typedef _locale_t locale_t;
enum { LC_NUMERIC_MASK = LC_NUMERIC };
static locale_t newlocale(int category_mask, const char *locale, locale_t) {
return _create_locale(category_mask, locale);
}
static void freelocale(locale_t locale) {
_free_locale(locale);
}
static double strtod_l(const char *nptr, char **endptr, _locale_t locale) {
return _strtod_l(nptr, endptr, locale);
}
# endif
locale_t locale_;
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Locale);
public:
typedef locale_t Type;
Locale() : locale_(newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, "C", NULL)) {
if (!locale_)
throw fmt::SystemError(errno, "cannot create locale");
}
~Locale() { freelocale(locale_); }
Type get() const { return locale_; }
// Converts string to floating-point number and advances str past the end
// of the parsed input.
double strtod(const char *&str) const {
char *end = 0;
double result = strtod_l(str, &end, locale_);
str = end;
return result;
}
};
#endif // FMT_LOCALE
} // namespace fmt
#if !FMT_USE_RVALUE_REFERENCES
namespace std {
// For compatibility with C++98.
inline fmt::BufferedFile &move(fmt::BufferedFile &f) { return f; }
inline fmt::File &move(fmt::File &f) { return f; }
}
#endif
#endif // FMT_POSIX_H_

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1.1.0 - 2015-03-06
------------------
* Added ``BasicArrayWriter``, a class template that provides operations for
formatting and writing data into a fixed-size array
(`#105 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/105>`_ and
`#122 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/122>`_):
.. code:: c++
char buffer[100];
fmt::ArrayWriter w(buffer);
w.write("The answer is {}", 42);
* Added `0 A.D. <http://play0ad.com/>`_ and `PenUltima Online (POL)
<http://www.polserver.com/>`_ to the list of notable projects using C++ Format.
* C++ Format now uses MSVC intrinsics for better formatting performance
(`#115 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/115>`_,
`#116 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/116>`_,
`#118 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/118>`_ and
`#121 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/121>`_).
Previously these optimizations where only used on GCC and Clang.
Thanks to `@CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_ and
`@objectx <https://github.com/objectx>`_.
* CMake install target (`#119 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/119>`_).
Thanks to `@TrentHouliston <https://github.com/TrentHouliston>`_.
You can now install C++ Format with ``make install`` command.
* Improved `Biicode <http://www.biicode.com/>`_ support
(`#98 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/98>`_ and
`#104 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/104>`_). Thanks to
`@MariadeAnton <https://github.com/MariadeAnton>`_ and
`@franramirez688 <https://github.com/franramirez688>`_.
* Improved support for bulding with `Android NDK
<https://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/index.html>`_
(`#107 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/107>`_).
Thanks to `@newnon <https://github.com/newnon>`_.
The `android-ndk-example <https://github.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example>`_
repository provides and example of using C++ Format with Android NDK:
.. image:: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cppformat/android-ndk-example/
master/screenshot.png
* Improved documentation of ``SystemError`` and ``WindowsError``
(`#54 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/54>`_).
* Various code improvements
(`#110 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/110>`_,
`#111 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/111>`_
`#112 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/112>`_).
Thanks to `@CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_.
* Improved compile-time errors when formatting wide into narrow strings
(`#117 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/117>`_).
* Fixed ``BasicWriter::write`` without formatting arguments when C++11 support
is disabled (`#109 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/109>`_).
* Fixed header-only build on OS X with GCC 4.9
(`#124 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/124>`_).
* Fixed packaging issues (`#94 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/94>`_).
* Fixed warnings in GCC, MSVC and Xcode/Clang
(`#95 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/95>`_,
`#96 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/96>`_ and
`#114 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/pull/114>`_).
* Added `changelog <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/blob/master/ChangeLog.rst>`_
(`#103 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/103>`_).
1.0.0 - 2015-02-05
------------------
* Add support for a header-only configuration when ``FMT_HEADER_ONLY`` is
defined before including ``format.h``:
.. code:: c++
#define FMT_HEADER_ONLY
#include "format.h"
* Compute string length in the constructor of ``BasicStringRef``
instead of the ``size`` method
(`#79 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/79>`_).
This eliminates size computation for string literals on reasonable optimizing
compilers.
* Fix formatting of types with overloaded ``operator <<`` for ``std::wostream``
(`#86 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/86>`_):
.. code:: c++
fmt::format(L"The date is {0}", Date(2012, 12, 9));
* Fix linkage of tests on Arch Linux
(`#89 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/89>`_).
* Allow precision specifier for non-float arguments
(`#90 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/90>`_):
.. code:: c++
fmt::print("{:.3}\n", "Carpet"); // prints "Car"
* Fix build on Android NDK
(`#93 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/93>`_)
* Improvements to documentation build procedure.
* Remove ``FMT_SHARED`` CMake variable in favor of standard `BUILD_SHARED_LIBS
<http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/variable/BUILD_SHARED_LIBS.html>`_.
* Fix error handling in ``fmt::fprintf``.
* Fix a number of warnings.
0.12.0 - 2014-10-25
-------------------
* [Breaking] Improved separation between formatting and buffer management.
``Writer`` is now a base class that cannot be instantiated directly.
The new ``MemoryWriter`` class implements the default buffer management
with small allocations done on stack. So ``fmt::Writer`` should be replaced
with ``fmt::MemoryWriter`` in variable declarations.
Old code:
.. code:: c++
fmt::Writer w;
New code:
.. code:: c++
fmt::MemoryWriter w;
If you pass ``fmt::Writer`` by reference, you can continue to do so:
.. code:: c++
void f(fmt::Writer &w);
This doesn't affect the formatting API.
* Support for custom memory allocators
(`#69 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/69>`_)
* Formatting functions now accept `signed char` and `unsigned char` strings as
arguments (`#73 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/73>`_):
.. code:: c++
auto s = format("GLSL version: {}", glGetString(GL_VERSION));
* Reduced code bloat. According to the new `benchmark results
<https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat#compile-time-and-code-bloat>`_,
cppformat is close to ``printf`` and by the order of magnitude better than
Boost Format in terms of compiled code size.
* Improved appearance of the documentation on mobile by using the `Sphinx
Bootstrap theme <http://ryan-roemer.github.io/sphinx-bootstrap-theme/>`_:
.. |old| image:: https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/576385/4792130/
cd256436-5de3-11e4-9a62-c077d0c2b003.png
.. |new| image:: https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/576385/4792131/
cd29896c-5de3-11e4-8f59-cac952942bf0.png
+-------+-------+
| Old | New |
+-------+-------+
| |old| | |new| |
+-------+-------+
0.11.0 - 2014-08-21
-------------------
* Safe printf implementation with a POSIX extension for positional arguments:
.. code:: c++
fmt::printf("Elapsed time: %.2f seconds", 1.23);
fmt::printf("%1$s, %3$d %2$s", weekday, month, day);
* Arguments of ``char`` type can now be formatted as integers
(Issue `#55 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/55>`_):
.. code:: c++
fmt::format("0x{0:02X}", 'a');
* Deprecated parts of the API removed.
* The library is now built and tested on MinGW with Appveyor in addition to
existing test platforms Linux/GCC, OS X/Clang, Windows/MSVC.
0.10.0 - 2014-07-01
-------------------
**Improved API**
* All formatting methods are now implemented as variadic functions instead
of using ``operator<<`` for feeding arbitrary arguments into a temporary
formatter object. This works both with C++11 where variadic templates are
used and with older standards where variadic functions are emulated by
providing lightweight wrapper functions defined with the ``FMT_VARIADIC``
macro. You can use this macro for defining your own portable variadic
functions:
.. code:: c++
void report_error(const char *format, const fmt::ArgList &args) {
fmt::print("Error: {}");
fmt::print(format, args);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(void, report_error, const char *)
report_error("file not found: {}", path);
Apart from a more natural syntax, this also improves performance as there
is no need to construct temporary formatter objects and control arguments'
lifetimes. Because the wrapper functions are very ligthweight, this doesn't
cause code bloat even in pre-C++11 mode.
* Simplified common case of formatting an ``std::string``. Now it requires a
single function call:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = format("The answer is {}.", 42);
Previously it required 2 function calls:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = str(Format("The answer is {}.") << 42);
Instead of unsafe ``c_str`` function, ``fmt::Writer`` should be used directly
to bypass creation of ``std::string``:
.. code:: c++
fmt::Writer w;
w.write("The answer is {}.", 42);
w.c_str(); // returns a C string
This doesn't do dynamic memory allocation for small strings and is less error
prone as the lifetime of the string is the same as for ``std::string::c_str``
which is well understood (hopefully).
* Improved consistency in naming functions that are a part of the public API.
Now all public functions are lowercase following the standard library
conventions. Previously it was a combination of lowercase and
CapitalizedWords.
Issue `#50 <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues/50>`_.
* Old functions are marked as deprecated and will be removed in the next
release.
**Other Changes**
* Experimental support for printf format specifications (work in progress):
.. code:: c++
fmt::printf("The answer is %d.", 42);
std::string s = fmt::sprintf("Look, a %s!", "string");
* Support for hexadecimal floating point format specifiers ``a`` and ``A``:
.. code:: c++
print("{:a}", -42.0); // Prints -0x1.5p+5
print("{:A}", -42.0); // Prints -0X1.5P+5
* CMake option ``FMT_SHARED`` that specifies whether to build format as a
shared library (off by default).
0.9.0 - 2014-05-13
------------------
* More efficient implementation of variadic formatting functions.
* ``Writer::Format`` now has a variadic overload:
.. code:: c++
Writer out;
out.Format("Look, I'm {}!", "variadic");
* For efficiency and consistency with other overloads, variadic overload of
the ``Format`` function now returns ``Writer`` instead of ``std::string``.
Use the ``str`` function to convert it to ``std::string``:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = str(Format("Look, I'm {}!", "variadic"));
* Replaced formatter actions with output sinks: ``NoAction`` -> ``NullSink``,
``Write`` -> ``FileSink``, ``ColorWriter`` -> ``ANSITerminalSink``.
This improves naming consistency and shouldn't affect client code unless
these classes are used directly which should be rarely needed.
* Added ``ThrowSystemError`` function that formats a message and throws
``SystemError`` containing the formatted message and system-specific error
description. For example, the following code
.. code:: c++
FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r");
if (!f)
ThrowSystemError(errno, "Failed to open file '{}'") << filename;
will throw ``SystemError`` exception with description
"Failed to open file '<filename>': No such file or directory" if file
doesn't exist.
* Support for AppVeyor continuous integration platform.
* ``Format`` now throws ``SystemError`` in case of I/O errors.
* Improve test infrastructure. Print functions are now tested by redirecting
the output to a pipe.
0.8.0 - 2014-04-14
------------------
* Initial release

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Copyright (c) 2012 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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C++ Format
==========
.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/cppformat/cppformat.png?branch=master
:target: https://travis-ci.org/cppformat/cppformat
.. image:: https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/qk0bhyhqp1ekpat8
:target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/vitaut/cppformat
.. image:: https://webapi.biicode.com/v1/badges/vitaut/vitaut/cppformat/master?dummy
:target: https://www.biicode.com/vitaut/cppformat
.. image:: https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg
:alt: Join the chat at https://gitter.im/cppformat/cppformat
:target: https://gitter.im/cppformat/cppformat?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge
C++ Format is an open-source formatting library for C++.
It can be used as a safe alternative to printf or as a fast
alternative to IOStreams.
`Documentation <http://cppformat.github.io/latest/>`_
Features
--------
* Two APIs: faster concatenation-based write API and slower (but still
very fast) replacement-based format API with positional arguments for
localization.
* Write API similar to the one used by IOStreams but stateless allowing
faster implementation.
* Format API with `format string syntax
<http://cppformat.github.io/latest/syntax.html>`_
similar to the one used by `str.format
<http://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#str.format>`_ in Python.
* Safe `printf implementation
<http://cppformat.github.io/latest/reference.html#printf-formatting-functions>`_
including the POSIX extension for positional arguments.
* Support for user-defined types.
* High speed: performance of the format API is close to that of
glibc's `printf <http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/c/fprintf>`_
and better than performance of IOStreams. See `Speed tests`_ and
`Fast integer to string conversion in C++
<http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_.
* Small code size both in terms of source code (format consists of a single
header file and a single source file) and compiled code.
See `Compile time and code bloat`_.
* Reliability: the library has an extensive set of `unit tests
<https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/tree/master/test>`_.
* Safety: the library is fully type safe, errors in format strings are
reported using exceptions, automatic memory management prevents buffer
overflow errors.
* Ease of use: small self-contained code base, no external dependencies,
permissive BSD `license
<https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/blob/master/LICENSE.rst>`_
* `Portability <http://cppformat.github.io#portability>`_ with consistent output
across platforms and support for older compilers.
* Clean warning-free codebase even on high warning levels
(-Wall -Wextra -pedantic).
* Support for wide strings.
* Optional header-only configuration enabled with the ``FMT_HEADER_ONLY`` macro.
See the `documentation <http://cppformat.github.io/latest/>`_ for more details.
Examples
--------
This prints ``Hello, world!`` to stdout:
.. code:: c++
fmt::print("Hello, {}!", "world"); // uses Python-like format string syntax
fmt::printf("Hello, %s!", "world"); // uses printf format string syntax
Arguments can be accessed by position and arguments' indices can be repeated:
.. code:: c++
std::string s = fmt::format("{0}{1}{0}", "abra", "cad");
// s == "abracadabra"
C++ Format can be used as a safe portable replacement for ``itoa``:
.. code:: c++
fmt::MemoryWriter w;
w << 42; // replaces itoa(42, buffer, 10)
w << fmt::hex(42); // replaces itoa(42, buffer, 16)
// access the string using w.str() or w.c_str()
An object of any user-defined type for which there is an overloaded
:code:`std::ostream` insertion operator (``operator<<``) can be formatted:
.. code:: c++
class Date {
int year_, month_, day_;
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day) : year_(year), month_(month), day_(day) {}
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Date &d) {
return os << d.year_ << '-' << d.month_ << '-' << d.day_;
}
};
std::string s = fmt::format("The date is {}", Date(2012, 12, 9));
// s == "The date is 2012-12-9"
You can use the `FMT_VARIADIC
<http://cppformat.github.io/latest/reference.html#utilities>`_
macro to create your own functions similar to `format
<http://cppformat.github.io/latest/reference.html#format>`_ and
`print <http://cppformat.github.io/latest/reference.html#print>`_
which take arbitrary arguments:
.. code:: c++
// Prints formatted error message.
void report_error(const char *format, fmt::ArgList args) {
fmt::print("Error: ");
fmt::print(format, args);
}
FMT_VARIADIC(void, report_error, const char *)
report_error("file not found: {}", path);
Note that you only need to define one function that takes ``fmt::ArgList``
argument. ``FMT_VARIADIC`` automatically defines necessary wrappers that
accept variable number of arguments.
Projects using this library
---------------------------
* `0 A.D. <http://play0ad.com/>`_: A free, open-source, cross-platform real-time strategy game
* `AMPL/MP <https://github.com/ampl/mp>`_:
An open-source library for mathematical programming
* `HarpyWar/pvpgn <https://github.com/HarpyWar/pvpgn>`_:
Player vs Player Gaming Network with tweaks
* `KBEngine <http://www.kbengine.org/>`_: An open-source MMOG server engine
* `Lifeline <https://github.com/peter-clark/lifeline>`_: A 2D game
* `PenUltima Online (POL) <http://www.polserver.com/>`_:
An MMO server, compatible with most Ultima Online clients
* `quasardb <https://www.quasardb.net/>`_: A distributed, high-performance, associative database
* `readpe <https://bitbucket.org/sys_dev/readpe>`_: Read Portable Executable
* `Saddy <https://code.google.com/p/saddy/>`_:
Small crossplatform 2D graphic engine
* `Salesforce Analytics Cloud <http://www.salesforce.com/analytics-cloud/overview/>`_:
Business intelligence software
* `spdlog <https://github.com/gabime/spdlog>`_: Super fast C++ logging library
* `TrinityCore <https://github.com/TrinityCore/TrinityCore>`_: Open-source MMORPG framework
`More... <https://github.com/search?q=cppformat&type=Code>`_
If you are aware of other projects using this library, please let me know
by `email <mailto:victor.zverovich@gmail.com>`_ or by submitting an
`issue <https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/issues>`_.
Motivation
----------
So why yet another formatting library?
There are plenty of methods for doing this task, from standard ones like
the printf family of function and IOStreams to Boost Format library and
FastFormat. The reason for creating a new library is that every existing
solution that I found either had serious issues or didn't provide
all the features I needed.
Printf
~~~~~~
The good thing about printf is that it is pretty fast and readily available
being a part of the C standard library. The main drawback is that it
doesn't support user-defined types. Printf also has safety issues although
they are mostly solved with `__attribute__ ((format (printf, ...))
<http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Function-Attributes.html>`_ in GCC.
There is a POSIX extension that adds positional arguments required for
`i18n <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization_and_localization>`_
to printf but it is not a part of C99 and may not be available on some
platforms.
IOStreams
~~~~~~~~~
The main issue with IOStreams is best illustrated with an example:
.. code:: c++
std::cout << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << 1.23456 << "\n";
which is a lot of typing compared to printf:
.. code:: c++
printf("%.2f\n", 1.23456);
Matthew Wilson, the author of FastFormat, referred to this situation with
IOStreams as "chevron hell". IOStreams doesn't support positional arguments
by design.
The good part is that IOStreams supports user-defined types and is safe
although error reporting is awkward.
Boost Format library
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is a very powerful library which supports both printf-like format
strings and positional arguments. The main its drawback is performance.
According to various benchmarks it is much slower than other methods
considered here. Boost Format also has excessive build times and severe
code bloat issues (see `Benchmarks`_).
FastFormat
~~~~~~~~~~
This is an interesting library which is fast, safe and has positional
arguments. However it has significant limitations, citing its author:
Three features that have no hope of being accommodated within the
current design are:
* Leading zeros (or any other non-space padding)
* Octal/hexadecimal encoding
* Runtime width/alignment specification
It is also quite big and has a heavy dependency, STLSoft, which might be
too restrictive for using it in some projects.
Loki SafeFormat
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
SafeFormat is a formatting library which uses printf-like format strings
and is type safe. It doesn't support user-defined types or positional
arguments. It makes unconventional use of ``operator()`` for passing
format arguments.
Tinyformat
~~~~~~~~~~
This library supports printf-like format strings and is very small and
fast. Unfortunately it doesn't support positional arguments and wrapping
it in C++98 is somewhat difficult. Also its performance and code compactness
are limited by IOStreams.
Boost Spirit.Karma
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
This is not really a formatting library but I decided to include it here
for completeness. As IOStreams it suffers from the problem of mixing
verbatim text with arguments. The library is pretty fast, but slower
on integer formatting than ``fmt::Writer`` on Karma's own benchmark,
see `Fast integer to string conversion in C++
<http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_.
Benchmarks
----------
Speed tests
~~~~~~~~~~~
The following speed tests results were generated by building
``tinyformat_test.cpp`` on Ubuntu GNU/Linux 14.04.1 with
``g++-4.8.2 -O3 -DSPEED_TEST -DHAVE_FORMAT``, and taking the best of three
runs. In the test, the format string ``"%0.10f:%04d:%+g:%s:%p:%c:%%\n"`` or
equivalent is filled 2000000 times with output sent to ``/dev/null``; for
further details see the `source
<https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark/blob/master/tinyformat_test.cpp>`_.
================= ============= ===========
Library Method Run Time, s
================= ============= ===========
EGLIBC 2.19 printf 1.30
libstdc++ 4.8.2 std::ostream 1.85
C++ Format 1.0 fmt::print 1.42
tinyformat 2.0.1 tfm::printf 2.25
Boost Format 1.54 boost::format 9.94
================= ============= ===========
As you can see ``boost::format`` is much slower than the alternative methods; this
is confirmed by `other tests <http://accu.org/index.php/journals/1539>`_.
Tinyformat is quite good coming close to IOStreams. Unfortunately tinyformat
cannot be faster than the IOStreams because it uses them internally.
Performance of cppformat is close to that of printf, being `faster than printf on integer
formatting <http://zverovich.net/2013/09/07/integer-to-string-conversion-in-cplusplus.html>`_,
but slower on floating-point formatting which dominates this benchmark.
Compile time and code bloat
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The script `bloat-test.py
<https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark/blob/master/bloat-test.py>`_
from `format-benchmark <https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark>`_
tests compile time and code bloat for nontrivial projects.
It generates 100 translation units and uses ``printf()`` or its alternative
five times in each to simulate a medium sized project. The resulting
executable size and compile time (g++-4.8.1, Ubuntu GNU/Linux 13.10,
best of three) is shown in the following tables.
**Optimized build (-O3)**
============ =============== ==================== ==================
Method Compile Time, s Executable size, KiB Stripped size, KiB
============ =============== ==================== ==================
printf 2.6 41 30
IOStreams 19.4 92 70
C++ Format 46.8 46 34
tinyformat 64.6 418 386
Boost Format 222.8 990 923
============ =============== ==================== ==================
As you can see, C++ Format has two times less overhead in terms of resulting
code size compared to IOStreams and comes pretty close to ``printf``.
Boost Format has by far the largest overheads.
**Non-optimized build**
============ =============== ==================== ==================
Method Compile Time, s Executable size, KiB Stripped size, KiB
============ =============== ==================== ==================
printf 2.1 41 30
IOStreams 19.7 86 62
C++ Format 47.9 108 86
tinyformat 27.7 234 190
Boost Format 122.6 884 763
============ =============== ==================== ==================
``libc``, ``libstdc++`` and ``libformat`` are all linked as shared
libraries to compare formatting function overhead only. Boost Format
and tinyformat are header-only libraries so they don't provide any
linkage options.
Running the tests
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Please refer to `Building the library`__ for the instructions on how to build
the library and run the unit tests.
__ http://cppformat.github.io/latest/usage.html#building-the-library
Benchmarks reside in a separate repository,
`format-benchmarks <https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark>`_,
so to run the benchmarks you first need to clone this repository and
generate Makefiles with CMake::
$ git clone --recursive https://github.com/cppformat/format-benchmark.git
$ cd format-benchmark
$ cmake .
Then you can run the speed test::
$ make speed-test
or the bloat test::
$ make bloat-test
License
-------
C++ Format is distributed under the BSD `license
<https://github.com/cppformat/cppformat/blob/master/LICENSE.rst>`_.
The `Format String Syntax
<http://cppformat.github.io/latest/syntax.html>`_
section in the documentation is based on the one from Python `string module
documentation <http://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#module-string>`_
adapted for the current library. For this reason the documentation is
distributed under the Python Software Foundation license available in
`doc/python-license.txt
<https://raw.github.com/cppformat/cppformat/master/doc/python-license.txt>`_.
It only applies if you distribute the documentation of C++ Format.
Links
-----
`API changes/compatibility report <http://upstream-tracker.org/versions/cppformat.html>`_
Acknowledgments
---------------
The benchmark section of this readme file and the performance tests are taken
from the excellent `tinyformat <https://github.com/c42f/tinyformat>`_ library
written by Chris Foster. Boost Format library is acknowledged transitively
since it had some influence on tinyformat.
Some ideas used in the implementation are borrowed from `Loki
<http://loki-lib.sourceforge.net/>`_ SafeFormat and `Diagnostic API
<http://clang.llvm.org/doxygen/classclang_1_1Diagnostic.html>`_ in
`Clang <http://clang.llvm.org/>`_.
Format string syntax and the documentation are based on Python's `str.format
<http://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#str.format>`_.
Thanks `Doug Turnbull <https://github.com/softwaredoug>`_ for his valuable
comments and contribution to the design of the type-safe API and
`Gregory Czajkowski <https://github.com/gcflymoto>`_ for implementing binary
formatting. Thanks `Ruslan Baratov <https://github.com/ruslo>`_ for comprehensive
`comparison of integer formatting algorithms <https://github.com/ruslo/int-dec-format-tests>`_
and useful comments regarding performance, `Boris Kaul <https://github.com/localvoid>`_ for
`C++ counting digits benchmark <https://github.com/localvoid/cxx-benchmark-count-digits>`_.
Thanks to `CarterLi <https://github.com/CarterLi>`_ for contributing various
improvements to the code.

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/*
Formatting library for C++
Copyright (c) 2012 - 2015, Victor Zverovich
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "format.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <climits>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef> // for std::ptrdiff_t
#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__)
# include <cstring>
#endif
#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
# if defined(NOMINMAX) || defined(FMT_WIN_MINMAX)
# include <windows.h>
# else
# define NOMINMAX
# include <windows.h>
# undef NOMINMAX
# endif
#endif
using fmt::internal::Arg;
#if FMT_EXCEPTIONS
# define FMT_TRY try
# define FMT_CATCH(x) catch (x)
#else
# define FMT_TRY if (true)
# define FMT_CATCH(x) if (false)
#endif
#ifdef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
# define FMT_FUNC inline
#else
# define FMT_FUNC
#endif
#ifdef _MSC_VER
# pragma warning(push)
# pragma warning(disable: 4127) // conditional expression is constant
# pragma warning(disable: 4702) // unreachable code
// Disable deprecation warning for strerror. The latter is not called but
// MSVC fails to detect it.
# pragma warning(disable: 4996)
#endif
// Dummy implementations of strerror_r and strerror_s called if corresponding
// system functions are not available.
static inline fmt::internal::Null<> strerror_r(int, char *, ...) {
return fmt::internal::Null<>();
}
static inline fmt::internal::Null<> strerror_s(char *, std::size_t, ...) {
return fmt::internal::Null<>();
}
namespace fmt {
namespace {
#ifndef _MSC_VER
# define FMT_SNPRINTF snprintf
#else // _MSC_VER
inline int fmt_snprintf(char *buffer, size_t size, const char *format, ...) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, format);
int result = vsnprintf_s(buffer, size, _TRUNCATE, format, args);
va_end(args);
return result;
}
# define FMT_SNPRINTF fmt_snprintf
#endif // _MSC_VER
#if defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
# define FMT_SWPRINTF snwprintf
#else
# define FMT_SWPRINTF swprintf
#endif // defined(_WIN32) && defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__NO_ISOCEXT)
// Checks if a value fits in int - used to avoid warnings about comparing
// signed and unsigned integers.
template <bool IsSigned>
struct IntChecker {
template <typename T>
static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
unsigned max = INT_MAX;
return value <= max;
}
static bool fits_in_int(bool) { return true; }
};
template <>
struct IntChecker<true> {
template <typename T>
static bool fits_in_int(T value) {
return value >= INT_MIN && value <= INT_MAX;
}
static bool fits_in_int(int) { return true; }
};
const char RESET_COLOR[] = "\x1b[0m";
typedef void (*FormatFunc)(fmt::Writer &, int, fmt::StringRef);
// Portable thread-safe version of strerror.
// Sets buffer to point to a string describing the error code.
// This can be either a pointer to a string stored in buffer,
// or a pointer to some static immutable string.
// Returns one of the following values:
// 0 - success
// ERANGE - buffer is not large enough to store the error message
// other - failure
// Buffer should be at least of size 1.
int safe_strerror(
int error_code, char *&buffer, std::size_t buffer_size) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
FMT_ASSERT(buffer != 0 && buffer_size != 0, "invalid buffer");
class StrError {
private:
int error_code_;
char *&buffer_;
std::size_t buffer_size_;
// A noop assignment operator to avoid bogus warnings.
void operator=(const StrError &) {}
// Handle the result of XSI-compliant version of strerror_r.
int handle(int result) {
// glibc versions before 2.13 return result in errno.
return result == -1 ? errno : result;
}
// Handle the result of GNU-specific version of strerror_r.
int handle(char *message) {
// If the buffer is full then the message is probably truncated.
if (message == buffer_ && strlen(buffer_) == buffer_size_ - 1)
return ERANGE;
buffer_ = message;
return 0;
}
// Handle the case when strerror_r is not available.
int handle(fmt::internal::Null<>) {
return fallback(strerror_s(buffer_, buffer_size_, error_code_));
}
// Fallback to strerror_s when strerror_r is not available.
int fallback(int result) {
// If the buffer is full then the message is probably truncated.
return result == 0 && strlen(buffer_) == buffer_size_ - 1 ?
ERANGE : result;
}
// Fallback to strerror if strerror_r and strerror_s are not available.
int fallback(fmt::internal::Null<>) {
errno = 0;
buffer_ = strerror(error_code_);
return errno;
}
public:
StrError(int err_code, char *&buf, std::size_t buf_size)
: error_code_(err_code), buffer_(buf), buffer_size_(buf_size) {}
int run() {
strerror_r(0, 0, ""); // Suppress a warning about unused strerror_r.
return handle(strerror_r(error_code_, buffer_, buffer_size_));
}
};
return StrError(error_code, buffer, buffer_size).run();
}
void format_error_code(fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
// Report error code making sure that the output fits into
// INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE to avoid dynamic memory allocation and potential
// bad_alloc.
out.clear();
static const char SEP[] = ": ";
static const char ERROR_STR[] = "error ";
// Subtract 2 to account for terminating null characters in SEP and ERROR_STR.
std::size_t error_code_size = sizeof(SEP) + sizeof(ERROR_STR) - 2;
typedef fmt::internal::IntTraits<int>::MainType MainType;
MainType abs_value = static_cast<MainType>(error_code);
if (internal::is_negative(error_code)) {
abs_value = 0 - abs_value;
++error_code_size;
}
error_code_size += fmt::internal::count_digits(abs_value);
if (message.size() <= fmt::internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE - error_code_size)
out << message << SEP;
out << ERROR_STR << error_code;
assert(out.size() <= fmt::internal::INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
}
void report_error(FormatFunc func,
int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
fmt::MemoryWriter full_message;
func(full_message, error_code, message);
// Use Writer::data instead of Writer::c_str to avoid potential memory
// allocation.
std::fwrite(full_message.data(), full_message.size(), 1, stderr);
std::fputc('\n', stderr);
}
// IsZeroInt::visit(arg) returns true iff arg is a zero integer.
class IsZeroInt : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<IsZeroInt, bool> {
public:
template <typename T>
bool visit_any_int(T value) { return value == 0; }
};
// Checks if an argument is a valid printf width specifier and sets
// left alignment if it is negative.
class WidthHandler : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<WidthHandler, unsigned> {
private:
fmt::FormatSpec &spec_;
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(WidthHandler);
public:
explicit WidthHandler(fmt::FormatSpec &spec) : spec_(spec) {}
void report_unhandled_arg() {
FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("width is not integer"));
}
template <typename T>
unsigned visit_any_int(T value) {
typedef typename fmt::internal::IntTraits<T>::MainType UnsignedType;
UnsignedType width = static_cast<UnsignedType>(value);
if (fmt::internal::is_negative(value)) {
spec_.align_ = fmt::ALIGN_LEFT;
width = 0 - width;
}
if (width > INT_MAX)
FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("number is too big"));
return static_cast<unsigned>(width);
}
};
class PrecisionHandler :
public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<PrecisionHandler, int> {
public:
void report_unhandled_arg() {
FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("precision is not integer"));
}
template <typename T>
int visit_any_int(T value) {
if (!IntChecker<std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed>::fits_in_int(value))
FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError("number is too big"));
return static_cast<int>(value);
}
};
template <typename T, typename U>
struct is_same {
enum { value = 0 };
};
template <typename T>
struct is_same<T, T> {
enum { value = 1 };
};
// An argument visitor that converts an integer argument to T for printf,
// if T is an integral type. If T is void, the argument is converted to
// corresponding signed or unsigned type depending on the type specifier:
// 'd' and 'i' - signed, other - unsigned)
template <typename T = void>
class ArgConverter : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<ArgConverter<T>, void> {
private:
fmt::internal::Arg &arg_;
wchar_t type_;
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ArgConverter);
public:
ArgConverter(fmt::internal::Arg &arg, wchar_t type)
: arg_(arg), type_(type) {}
void visit_bool(bool value) {
if (type_ != 's')
visit_any_int(value);
}
template <typename U>
void visit_any_int(U value) {
bool is_signed = type_ == 'd' || type_ == 'i';
using fmt::internal::Arg;
typedef typename fmt::internal::Conditional<
is_same<T, void>::value, U, T>::type TargetType;
if (sizeof(TargetType) <= sizeof(int)) {
// Extra casts are used to silence warnings.
if (is_signed) {
arg_.type = Arg::INT;
arg_.int_value = static_cast<int>(static_cast<TargetType>(value));
} else {
arg_.type = Arg::UINT;
typedef typename fmt::internal::MakeUnsigned<TargetType>::Type Unsigned;
arg_.uint_value = static_cast<unsigned>(static_cast<Unsigned>(value));
}
} else {
if (is_signed) {
arg_.type = Arg::LONG_LONG;
// glibc's printf doesn't sign extend arguments of smaller types:
// std::printf("%lld", -42); // prints "4294967254"
// but we don't have to do the same because it's a UB.
arg_.long_long_value = static_cast<fmt::LongLong>(value);
} else {
arg_.type = Arg::ULONG_LONG;
arg_.ulong_long_value =
static_cast<typename fmt::internal::MakeUnsigned<U>::Type>(value);
}
}
}
};
// Converts an integer argument to char for printf.
class CharConverter : public fmt::internal::ArgVisitor<CharConverter, void> {
private:
fmt::internal::Arg &arg_;
FMT_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CharConverter);
public:
explicit CharConverter(fmt::internal::Arg &arg) : arg_(arg) {}
template <typename T>
void visit_any_int(T value) {
arg_.type = Arg::CHAR;
arg_.int_value = static_cast<char>(value);
}
};
// Write the content of w to os.
void write(std::ostream &os, fmt::Writer &w) {
const char *data = w.data();
typedef internal::MakeUnsigned<std::streamsize>::Type UnsignedStreamSize;
UnsignedStreamSize size = w.size();
UnsignedStreamSize max_size =
internal::to_unsigned((std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max)());
do {
UnsignedStreamSize n = size <= max_size ? size : max_size;
os.write(data, static_cast<std::streamsize>(n));
data += n;
size -= n;
} while (size != 0);
}
} // namespace
namespace internal {
template <typename Char>
class PrintfArgFormatter :
public ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char> {
void write_null_pointer() {
this->spec().type_ = 0;
this->write("(nil)");
}
typedef ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char> Base;
public:
PrintfArgFormatter(BasicWriter<Char> &w, FormatSpec &s)
: ArgFormatterBase<PrintfArgFormatter<Char>, Char>(w, s) {}
void visit_bool(bool value) {
FormatSpec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
if (fmt_spec.type_ != 's')
return this->visit_any_int(value);
fmt_spec.type_ = 0;
this->write(value);
}
void visit_char(int value) {
const FormatSpec &fmt_spec = this->spec();
BasicWriter<Char> &w = this->writer();
if (fmt_spec.type_ && fmt_spec.type_ != 'c')
w.write_int(value, fmt_spec);
typedef typename BasicWriter<Char>::CharPtr CharPtr;
CharPtr out = CharPtr();
if (fmt_spec.width_ > 1) {
Char fill = ' ';
out = w.grow_buffer(fmt_spec.width_);
if (fmt_spec.align_ != ALIGN_LEFT) {
std::fill_n(out, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
out += fmt_spec.width_ - 1;
} else {
std::fill_n(out + 1, fmt_spec.width_ - 1, fill);
}
} else {
out = w.grow_buffer(1);
}
*out = static_cast<Char>(value);
}
void visit_cstring(const char *value) {
if (value)
Base::visit_cstring(value);
else if (this->spec().type_ == 'p')
write_null_pointer();
else
this->write("(null)");
}
void visit_pointer(const void *value) {
if (value)
return Base::visit_pointer(value);
this->spec().type_ = 0;
write_null_pointer();
}
void visit_custom(Arg::CustomValue c) {
BasicFormatter<Char> formatter(ArgList(), this->writer());
const Char format_str[] = {'}', 0};
const Char *format = format_str;
c.format(&formatter, c.value, &format);
}
};
} // namespace internal
} // namespace fmt
FMT_FUNC void fmt::SystemError::init(
int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
error_code_ = err_code;
MemoryWriter w;
internal::format_system_error(w, err_code, format(format_str, args));
std::runtime_error &base = *this;
base = std::runtime_error(w.str());
}
template <typename T>
int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
unsigned width, int precision, T value) {
if (width == 0) {
return precision < 0 ?
FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, value) :
FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, precision, value);
}
return precision < 0 ?
FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, value) :
FMT_SNPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, precision, value);
}
template <typename T>
int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
unsigned width, int precision, T value) {
if (width == 0) {
return precision < 0 ?
FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, value) :
FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, precision, value);
}
return precision < 0 ?
FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, value) :
FMT_SWPRINTF(buffer, size, format, width, precision, value);
}
template <typename T>
const char fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::DIGITS[] =
"0001020304050607080910111213141516171819"
"2021222324252627282930313233343536373839"
"4041424344454647484950515253545556575859"
"6061626364656667686970717273747576777879"
"8081828384858687888990919293949596979899";
#define FMT_POWERS_OF_10(factor) \
factor * 10, \
factor * 100, \
factor * 1000, \
factor * 10000, \
factor * 100000, \
factor * 1000000, \
factor * 10000000, \
factor * 100000000, \
factor * 1000000000
template <typename T>
const uint32_t fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_32[] = {
0, FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1)
};
template <typename T>
const uint64_t fmt::internal::BasicData<T>::POWERS_OF_10_64[] = {
0,
FMT_POWERS_OF_10(1),
FMT_POWERS_OF_10(fmt::ULongLong(1000000000)),
// Multiply several constants instead of using a single long long constant
// to avoid warnings about C++98 not supporting long long.
fmt::ULongLong(1000000000) * fmt::ULongLong(1000000000) * 10
};
FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::report_unknown_type(char code, const char *type) {
(void)type;
if (std::isprint(static_cast<unsigned char>(code))) {
FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError(
fmt::format("unknown format code '{}' for {}", code, type)));
}
FMT_THROW(fmt::FormatError(
fmt::format("unknown format code '\\x{:02x}' for {}",
static_cast<unsigned>(code), type)));
}
#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF8ToUTF16::UTF8ToUTF16(fmt::StringRef s) {
static const char ERROR_MSG[] = "cannot convert string from UTF-8 to UTF-16";
if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
FMT_THROW(WindowsError(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER, ERROR_MSG));
int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
int length = MultiByteToWideChar(
CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, 0, 0);
if (length == 0)
FMT_THROW(WindowsError(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
buffer_.resize(length + 1);
length = MultiByteToWideChar(
CP_UTF8, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length);
if (length == 0)
FMT_THROW(WindowsError(GetLastError(), ERROR_MSG));
buffer_[length] = 0;
}
FMT_FUNC fmt::internal::UTF16ToUTF8::UTF16ToUTF8(fmt::WStringRef s) {
if (int error_code = convert(s)) {
FMT_THROW(WindowsError(error_code,
"cannot convert string from UTF-16 to UTF-8"));
}
}
FMT_FUNC int fmt::internal::UTF16ToUTF8::convert(fmt::WStringRef s) {
if (s.size() > INT_MAX)
return ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
int s_size = static_cast<int>(s.size());
int length = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, 0, 0, 0, 0);
if (length == 0)
return GetLastError();
buffer_.resize(length + 1);
length = WideCharToMultiByte(
CP_UTF8, 0, s.data(), s_size, &buffer_[0], length, 0, 0);
if (length == 0)
return GetLastError();
buffer_[length] = 0;
return 0;
}
FMT_FUNC void fmt::WindowsError::init(
int err_code, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
error_code_ = err_code;
MemoryWriter w;
internal::format_windows_error(w, err_code, format(format_str, args));
std::runtime_error &base = *this;
base = std::runtime_error(w.str());
}
FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_windows_error(
fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
FMT_TRY {
MemoryBuffer<wchar_t, INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
buffer.resize(INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
for (;;) {
wchar_t *system_message = &buffer[0];
int result = FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
0, error_code, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
system_message, static_cast<uint32_t>(buffer.size()), 0);
if (result != 0) {
UTF16ToUTF8 utf8_message;
if (utf8_message.convert(system_message) == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
out << message << ": " << utf8_message;
return;
}
break;
}
if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER)
break; // Can't get error message, report error code instead.
buffer.resize(buffer.size() * 2);
}
} FMT_CATCH(...) {}
fmt::format_error_code(out, error_code, message); // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
}
#endif // FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
FMT_FUNC void fmt::internal::format_system_error(
fmt::Writer &out, int error_code,
fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
FMT_TRY {
MemoryBuffer<char, INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE> buffer;
buffer.resize(INLINE_BUFFER_SIZE);
for (;;) {
char *system_message = &buffer[0];
int result = safe_strerror(error_code, system_message, buffer.size());
if (result == 0) {
out << message << ": " << system_message;
return;
}
if (result != ERANGE)
break; // Can't get error message, report error code instead.
buffer.resize(buffer.size() * 2);
}
} FMT_CATCH(...) {}
fmt::format_error_code(out, error_code, message); // 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
}
template <typename Char>
void fmt::internal::ArgMap<Char>::init(const ArgList &args) {
if (!map_.empty())
return;
typedef internal::NamedArg<Char> NamedArg;
const NamedArg *named_arg = 0;
bool use_values =
args.type(ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS - 1) == internal::Arg::NONE;
if (use_values) {
for (unsigned i = 0;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
switch (arg_type) {
case internal::Arg::NONE:
return;
case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.values_[i].pointer);
map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
break;
default:
/*nothing*/;
}
}
return;
}
for (unsigned i = 0; i != ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS; ++i) {
internal::Arg::Type arg_type = args.type(i);
if (arg_type == internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG) {
named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
}
}
for (unsigned i = ArgList::MAX_PACKED_ARGS;/*nothing*/; ++i) {
switch (args.args_[i].type) {
case internal::Arg::NONE:
return;
case internal::Arg::NAMED_ARG:
named_arg = static_cast<const NamedArg*>(args.args_[i].pointer);
map_.push_back(Pair(named_arg->name, *named_arg));
break;
default:
/*nothing*/;
}
}
}
template <typename Char>
void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<Char>::grow(std::size_t) {
FMT_THROW(std::runtime_error("buffer overflow"));
}
FMT_FUNC Arg fmt::internal::FormatterBase::do_get_arg(
unsigned arg_index, const char *&error) {
Arg arg = args_[arg_index];
switch (arg.type) {
case Arg::NONE:
error = "argument index out of range";
break;
case Arg::NAMED_ARG:
arg = *static_cast<const internal::Arg*>(arg.pointer);
break;
default:
/*nothing*/;
}
return arg;
}
template <typename Char>
void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::parse_flags(
FormatSpec &spec, const Char *&s) {
for (;;) {
switch (*s++) {
case '-':
spec.align_ = ALIGN_LEFT;
break;
case '+':
spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG | PLUS_FLAG;
break;
case '0':
spec.fill_ = '0';
break;
case ' ':
spec.flags_ |= SIGN_FLAG;
break;
case '#':
spec.flags_ |= HASH_FLAG;
break;
default:
--s;
return;
}
}
}
template <typename Char>
Arg fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::get_arg(
const Char *s, unsigned arg_index) {
(void)s;
const char *error = 0;
Arg arg = arg_index == UINT_MAX ?
next_arg(error) : FormatterBase::get_arg(arg_index - 1, error);
if (error)
FMT_THROW(FormatError(!*s ? "invalid format string" : error));
return arg;
}
template <typename Char>
unsigned fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::parse_header(
const Char *&s, FormatSpec &spec) {
unsigned arg_index = UINT_MAX;
Char c = *s;
if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
// Parse an argument index (if followed by '$') or a width possibly
// preceded with '0' flag(s).
unsigned value = parse_nonnegative_int(s);
if (*s == '$') { // value is an argument index
++s;
arg_index = value;
} else {
if (c == '0')
spec.fill_ = '0';
if (value != 0) {
// Nonzero value means that we parsed width and don't need to
// parse it or flags again, so return now.
spec.width_ = value;
return arg_index;
}
}
}
parse_flags(spec, s);
// Parse width.
if (*s >= '0' && *s <= '9') {
spec.width_ = parse_nonnegative_int(s);
} else if (*s == '*') {
++s;
spec.width_ = WidthHandler(spec).visit(get_arg(s));
}
return arg_index;
}
template <typename Char>
void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<Char>::format(
BasicWriter<Char> &writer, BasicCStringRef<Char> format_str) {
const Char *start = format_str.c_str();
const Char *s = start;
while (*s) {
Char c = *s++;
if (c != '%') continue;
if (*s == c) {
write(writer, start, s);
start = ++s;
continue;
}
write(writer, start, s - 1);
FormatSpec spec;
spec.align_ = ALIGN_RIGHT;
// Parse argument index, flags and width.
unsigned arg_index = parse_header(s, spec);
// Parse precision.
if (*s == '.') {
++s;
if ('0' <= *s && *s <= '9') {
spec.precision_ = static_cast<int>(parse_nonnegative_int(s));
} else if (*s == '*') {
++s;
spec.precision_ = PrecisionHandler().visit(get_arg(s));
}
}
Arg arg = get_arg(s, arg_index);
if (spec.flag(HASH_FLAG) && IsZeroInt().visit(arg))
spec.flags_ &= ~to_unsigned<int>(HASH_FLAG);
if (spec.fill_ == '0') {
if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_NUMERIC_TYPE)
spec.align_ = ALIGN_NUMERIC;
else
spec.fill_ = ' '; // Ignore '0' flag for non-numeric types.
}
// Parse length and convert the argument to the required type.
switch (*s++) {
case 'h':
if (*s == 'h')
ArgConverter<signed char>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
else
ArgConverter<short>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
break;
case 'l':
if (*s == 'l')
ArgConverter<fmt::LongLong>(arg, *++s).visit(arg);
else
ArgConverter<long>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
break;
case 'j':
ArgConverter<intmax_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
break;
case 'z':
ArgConverter<std::size_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
break;
case 't':
ArgConverter<std::ptrdiff_t>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
break;
case 'L':
// printf produces garbage when 'L' is omitted for long double, no
// need to do the same.
break;
default:
--s;
ArgConverter<void>(arg, *s).visit(arg);
}
// Parse type.
if (!*s)
FMT_THROW(FormatError("invalid format string"));
spec.type_ = static_cast<char>(*s++);
if (arg.type <= Arg::LAST_INTEGER_TYPE) {
// Normalize type.
switch (spec.type_) {
case 'i': case 'u':
spec.type_ = 'd';
break;
case 'c':
// TODO: handle wchar_t
CharConverter(arg).visit(arg);
break;
}
}
start = s;
// Format argument.
internal::PrintfArgFormatter<Char>(writer, spec).visit(arg);
}
write(writer, start, s);
}
FMT_FUNC void fmt::report_system_error(
int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
// 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
fmt::report_error(internal::format_system_error, error_code, message);
}
#if FMT_USE_WINDOWS_H
FMT_FUNC void fmt::report_windows_error(
int error_code, fmt::StringRef message) FMT_NOEXCEPT {
// 'fmt::' is for bcc32.
fmt::report_error(internal::format_windows_error, error_code, message);
}
#endif
FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
MemoryWriter w;
w.write(format_str, args);
std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, w.size(), f);
}
FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(CStringRef format_str, ArgList args) {
print(stdout, format_str, args);
}
FMT_FUNC void fmt::print(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format_str,
ArgList args) {
MemoryWriter w;
w.write(format_str, args);
write(os, w);
}
FMT_FUNC void fmt::print_colored(Color c, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
char escape[] = "\x1b[30m";
escape[3] = static_cast<char>('0' + c);
std::fputs(escape, stdout);
print(format, args);
std::fputs(RESET_COLOR, stdout);
}
FMT_FUNC int fmt::fprintf(std::FILE *f, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
MemoryWriter w;
printf(w, format, args);
std::size_t size = w.size();
return std::fwrite(w.data(), 1, size, f) < size ? -1 : static_cast<int>(size);
}
FMT_FUNC int fmt::fprintf(std::ostream &os, CStringRef format, ArgList args) {
MemoryWriter w;
printf(w, format, args);
write(os, w);
return static_cast<int>(w.size());
}
#ifndef FMT_HEADER_ONLY
template struct fmt::internal::BasicData<void>;
// Explicit instantiations for char.
template void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<char>::grow(std::size_t);
template void fmt::internal::ArgMap<char>::init(const fmt::ArgList &args);
template void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<char>::format(
BasicWriter<char> &writer, CStringRef format);
template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
unsigned width, int precision, double value);
template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<char>::format_float(
char *buffer, std::size_t size, const char *format,
unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
// Explicit instantiations for wchar_t.
template void fmt::internal::FixedBuffer<wchar_t>::grow(std::size_t);
template void fmt::internal::ArgMap<wchar_t>::init(const fmt::ArgList &args);
template void fmt::internal::PrintfFormatter<wchar_t>::format(
BasicWriter<wchar_t> &writer, WCStringRef format);
template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
unsigned width, int precision, double value);
template int fmt::internal::CharTraits<wchar_t>::format_float(
wchar_t *buffer, std::size_t size, const wchar_t *format,
unsigned width, int precision, long double value);
#endif // FMT_HEADER_ONLY
#ifdef _MSC_VER
# pragma warning(pop)
#endif

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